Government and Politics
The Republic of Panama has three branches established by the Constitution:
- The Legislative Branch exercised by the National Assembly, whose members (Diputados in Spanish) are elected every 5 years from electoral circuits established by electoral law
- The Executive branch embodied by the President of the Republic along with the Ministries offices and decentralized organizations. The President shall be elected by direct universal suffrage for a period of five years, and in the same manner the vice president will be elected (Title VI, Chapter 1, Political Constitution of the Republic of Panama)
- The Judicial Branch is represented by the Supreme Court of Justice and the established tribunals and judiciary offices. The Supreme Court is formed by nine Supreme Court Magistrates.
Furthermore, the Panamanian Constitution establishes four main independent organizations whose responsibilities are clearly defined:
- The Comptroller General of the Republic has the obligation to oversee public funds.
- The Electoral Tribunal has to guarantee freedom, honesty and effectiveness of the popular vote.
- The Public Ministry has the authority to represent the interest of the State at any judicial process.
- The Panama Canal Authority as a corporation created by the Constitution to operate and administrate the Panama Canal.
